• Non-metals react with oxygen to form non-metallic oxides which are acidic in nature.
  • Non-metallic oxides dissolve in water forming acids.
  • All acids give H+ in aqueous solution.
  • Acids conduct electricity in aqueous solution.
  • Acids turn blue litmus red.
  • Acids react with metals to liberate H2 gas.
  • Acids react with carbonate to liberate CO2 gas.
  • Conc. acids are corrosive in nature.
  • Acids cannot be stored in metal container because they react with metals.
  • Dilute acids should be prepared by adding conc. acid to water slowly with constant cooling.
  • Metals react with oxygen at room temperature or on heating to form metallic oxides which are basic in nature.
  • Metallic oxides dissolve in water forming bases.
  • Soluble bases are called alkalis.
  • Bases turn red litmus blue, phenolphthalein pink and methyl orange yellow.
  • Litmus, phenolphthalein, methyl orange are acid-base indicators.
  • Some strong bases like NaOH react with metals like Al and Zn to liberate hydrogen gas.
  • Alkalis give OH- in aqueous solution.
  • The solution of bases also conduct electricity.
  • The reaction between acid base to form salt and water is called neutralization reaction.
  • Antacids are used to neutralize hyperacidity in stomach.
  • Conc. alkalis and solid alkalis are corrosive.
  • Salts are produced when hydrogen of acid is replaced by metal ion or NH4+ ion.
  • Most of the salts are soluble in water.
  • The solution of salt in water conducts electricity.
  • Some salts are associated with water of crystallization, such salts are called hydrated salts.
  • The hydrated salts lose water of crystallization when exposed to air, this property is called efflorescence.
  • Some hydrated salts lose water of crystallization on heating and become anhydrous.
  • Salts can be acidic, basic or neutral.
  • Slats of strong acids and strong bases are basic.
  • Salts of strong acids and weak bases are acidic.
  • Acids, bases and salts are very useful in our daily life.