Multiple Choice Questions and Answers (MCQs) on Advanced Surveying
01. The angle between the direction of star and the direction of earth’s axis of rotation is called
(A) Co-declination
(B) Co-latitude
(C) Declination
(D) Latitude
Answer: Option A
02. Polaris is usually observed for the determination of the latitude when it is
(A) At culmination
(B) At elongation
(C) Neither at culmination nor at elongation
(D) Either at culmination or at elongation
Answer: Option A
03. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The vertical plane containing the zenith, the station of observation and the celestial pole is the observer’s meridian plane
(B) The angle between the direction of star in vertical plane and the direction of the star in horizontal plane is called the altitude of the star
(C) The complement of the altitude of star is called the zenith distance of the star
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
04. The point on the photograph where bisector between the vertical line through optical centre of the camera lens and the plate perpendicular meets, is known as
(A) Principal point
(B) Isocenter
(C) Plumb point
(D) Perspective centre
Answer: Option B
05. The station where observations are not made, but the angles at the station are used in triangulation series, is known as
(A) Satellite station
(B) Subsidiary station
(C) Pivot station
(D) Main station
Answer: Option C
06.If the distance between the projectors is altered by a movement along X-axis of one projector,
(A) The length of the air base is increased
(B) The scale of the model is altered
(C) y-parallax is not affected
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
07. On vertical photographs, height displacement is
(A) Positive for points above datum
(B) Negative for points below datum
(C) Zero for points vertically below the air station
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
08. At the first point of Aeries, the sun moves
(A) Northward
(B) Southward
(C) From south to north of the equator
(D) From north to south of the equator
Answer: Option C
09. The difference in longitude of two places expressed in time is equal to the difference in their
(A) Sidereal time
(B) Apparent solar time
(C) Mean solar time
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
10. Pick up the in-correct statement from the following:
(A) Correction for refraction is always negative
(B) Correction for parallax is always positive
(C) Correction for semi-diameter is always negative
(D) Correction for dip is always negative
Answer: Option C
11. If θ and δ be the latitude of a place and declination of a star respectively, the upper culmination of the star will be north of zenith if its zenith distance, is
(A) δ – θ
(B) θ – δ
(C) θ + δ
(D) (θ + δ)/2
Answer: Option A
12. The sidereal day is the time interval between two successive upper transits of
(A) Mean sun
(B) First point of Aries
(C) First point of Libra
(D) The polar star
Answer: Option B
13. An aerial photograph may be assumed as
(A) Parallel projection
(B) Orthogonal projection
(C) Central projection
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C
14. The slotted template method
(A) Is prepared, by graphical method
(B) Is suitable for large areas with less control
(C) Is rapid and accurate
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
15. The latitude of the observer’s position, is
(A) Elevation of the elevated pole
(B) Declination of the observer’s zenith
(C) Angular distance along the observer’s meridian between equator and the observer (D) All the above
Answer: Option D
16. Triangulation surveys are carried out for locating
(A) Control points for surveys of large areas
(B) Control points for photogrammetric surveys
(C) Engineering works, i.e. terminal points of long tunnels, bridge abutments, etc.
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
17. Pick up the correct statement for horizontal photographs.
(A) Parallel lines do not appear parallel in central projection
(B) The two sides of a road meet at the vanishing point
(C) The lines parallel to the negative plane are projected as parallel lines
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
18. The displacement of the pictured position of a point of h elevation on a vertical photograph taken with a camera of 30 cm focal length, from an altitude of 3000 m, is
(A) 4.4 mm
(B) 5.5 mm
(C) 6.5 mm
(D) 7.5 mm
Answer: Option D
19. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The horizontal direction of the pole is called astronomical north
(B) The angle between the direction of true north and the direction of a survey line is called astronomical bearing
(C) The astronomical bearing is generally called azimuth
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
20. A nautical mile is
(A) One minute arc of the great circle passing through two points
(B) One minute arc of the longitude
(C) 1855.109 m
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
21. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) Centre of the celestial sphere is taken as the position of the observer
(B) Centre of the celestial sphere is taken as the centre of the earth
(C) Stars move and maintain their relative positions
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
22. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) One degree of longitude has greatest value at the equator
(B) One degree of longitude has greatest value at the poles
(C) One degree of longitude has the same value everywhere
(D) One degree of latitude decreases from the equator to the poles
Answer: Option A
23. If ‘δ’ is the declination of the star and ‘φ’ is the latitude of the observer, then the azimuth of the star at elongation is given by
(A) sin z = sec φ . cos δ
(B) cos z = sec φ . cos δ
(C) tan z = sec φ . cos δ
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
24. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following. High oblique photographs
(A) May have tilt up to 30°
(B) May include the image of the horizon
(C) May not include the image of the horizon
(D) None of these
Answer: Option D
25. If ‘δ’ is the declination of the star and ‘φ’ is the latitude of the observer then the hour angle of the star at elongation is given by
(A) sin H = tan φ . cot δ
(B) cos H = tan φ . cot δ
(C) tan H = tan φ . cot δ
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
26. If ‘f’ is the focal length of the camera lens and ‘θ’ is the angle of tilt, the distance of the plumb point from the principal point will be
(A) f sin θ
(B) f cos θ
(C) f tan θ
(D) f sec θ
Answer: Option C
27. The coverage is least if photography is
(A) High oblique
(B) Low oblique
(C) Vertical
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C
28. The latitude (λ) of a place and the altitude (α) of the pole are related by
(A) λ = α
(B) λ = 90° – α
(C) λ = α – 90°
(D) λ = 180° – α
Answer: Option A
29. The principal line is the line joining the principal point and
(A) Nadir
(B) Isocenter
(C) Perspective centre
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
30. The parallax equation Δp = BmΔh/H – h is applicable to entire overlap of the photographs only if parallax is measured
(A) Normal to base line
(B) Parallel to base line
(C) Both (a) and (b)
(D) Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: Option B
31. If ‘δ’ is the declination of the Polaris and ‘λ’ is the latitude of the place, the azimuth of the Polaris, is
(A) cos δ/cos λ
(B) cos (90° – δ)/cos (90° – λ)
(C) sin (90° – δ)/sin (90° – λ)
(D) tan (90° + δ)/tan (90° + λ)
Answer: Option A
32. The relief displacement of a building 72 m high on photograph is 7.2 mm and its top appears 10 cm away from principal point. The flying height of the camera, is
(A) 500 m
(B) 1000 m
(C) 1500 m
(D) 2000 m
Answer: Option B
33. 23 cm × 23 cm photographs are taken from a flying height with a camera of focal length of 3600 m and 15.23 cm respectively. A parallax difference of 0.01 mm represents
(A) 1 m
(B) 2 m
(C) 4 m
(D) 8 m
Answer: Option A
34. The most convenient co-ordinate system for specifying the relative positions of heavenly bodies on the celestial sphere, is
(A) Altitude and azimuth system
(B) Declination and hour angle system
(C) Declination and right ascension system
(D) Declination and altitude system
Answer: Option C
35. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The star’s movement is apparent due to the actual steady rotation of the earth about its axis
(B) The stars move round in circular concentrated parts
(C) The centre of the circular paths of stars is the celestial pole
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
36. International Date Line is located along
(A) Standard meridian
(B) Greenwich meridian
(C) Equator
(D) 180° longitude
Answer: Option D
37. Homologous points are
(A) Opposite corners of a photograph
(B) Nodal points of the camera lens
(C) Corresponding points on the ground and photograph
(D) Plumb points of stereo pair of photographs
Answer: Option C
38. The point on the celestial sphere vertically below the observer’s position, is called
(A) Zenith
(B) Celestial point
(C) Nadir
(D) Pole
Answer: Option C
39. If α is the observed altitude, the refraction correction in seconds, is
(A) 58″ cot α
(B) 58″ tan α
(C) 58 sin α
(D) 58 cos α
Answer: Option A
40. Polaris is usually observed for the determination of the azimuth when it is
(A) At culmination
(B) At elongation
(C) Neither at culmination nor at elongation
(D) Either at culmination or at elongation
Answer: Option B
41. The station pointer is generally used in
(A) Triangulation surveying
(B) Astronomical surveying
(C) Hydrographical surveying
(D) Photogrammetric surveying
Answer: Option C
42. While making astronomical observations, the observer is mainly concerned with
(A) The direction of the vertical, the axis of rotation of the instrument
(B) The direction of the poles of the celestial sphere
(C) The direction of the star from the instrument
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
43. Right ascension of a heavenly body is its equatorial angular distance measured
(A) Westward from the first point of Libra
(B) Eastward from the first point of Aeries
(C) Westward from the first point of Aeries
(D) Eastward from the first point of Libra
Answer: Option B
44. The correction applied to the measured base of length ‘L’ is
(A) Tension = (P – Ps)L/AE
(B) Sag = L3w²/24P² where w is the weight of tape/m
(C) Slope = (h²/2L) + (h4/8L3) where h is height difference of end supports
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
45. Pick up the in-correct statement from the following:
(A) Apparent solar time is measured from the lower transit of the true sun
(B) Mean solar time is measured from the lower transit of the mean sun
(C) Sidereal time is measured from the lower transit of the first point of Aries
(D) Sidereal time is measured from the upper transit of the first point of Aries
Answer: Option D
46. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) Aerial photographs may be either vertical or oblique
(B) Vertical photographs are taken with the axis of camera pointing vertically downward
(C) Vertical photographs are used for most accurate maps
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
47. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) Ursa Minor’s remains always north of pole star
(B) Polar star remains always north of Polaris
(C) Polaris remains always north of Ursa Minor’s
(D) Ursa Minor’s pole star and Polaris are the names of the same star
Answer: Option D
48. The following points form a pair of homologous points:
(A) Photo principal point and ground principal point
(B) Photo isocenter and ground isocenter
(C) Photo plumb point and ground plumb point
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
49. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The measured stereoscopic base of photographs is obtained by dividing the air base in metres by the mean scale of the photograph
(B) The difference between the absolute parallax of two points depends upon the difference in their elevations
(C) The line joining the principal point of a photograph and the transferred principal point of the adjoining photograph, is called stereoscopic base
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
50. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:
(A) Latitudes north of the equator are taken as positive
(B) Latitudes south of the equator are taken as negative
(C) Longitudes east of Greenwich are taken as negative
(D) Longitudes west of Greenwich are taken as positive
Answer: Option C