Basic Concept of Immunology
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
1. The immunity developed after the body has recovered from a disease is called
(a) passive immunity
(b) active immunity
(c) both a and b
(d) none of the above
Answer: (b) active immunity
2. First line of defence of our body is
(a) skin
(b) respiratory tract
(c) lungs
(d) both a and b
Answer: (d) both a and b
3. Antibody is
(a) WBC which engulfs bacteria
(b) component of nucleus
(c) secretion of mammalian RBC
(d) molecule that specifically inactivates an antigen
Answer: (d) molecule that specifically inactivates an antigen
4. Vaccination against small-pox means the introduction into our body of
(a) attenuated small-pox virus
(b) leucocytes obtained from animals
(c) antibodies produced in other animals
(d) antibodies
Answer: (a) attenuated small-pox virus
5. Antibody production is assisted by
(a) monocytes
(b) leucocytes
(c) lymphocytes
(d) erythrocytes
Answer: (c) lymphocytes
6. Y-shaped structure is present on
(a) antigen
(b) antibody
(c) RBC
(d) proteins
Answer: (b) antibody
7. Edward Jenner discovered
(a) immunization against small pox
(b) vaccination against small pox
(c) immunization against chicken pox
(d) vaccination against chicken pox
Answer: (c) immunization against chicken pox
8. Antigens binding site on antibodies is at
(a) light chain
(b) strong chain
(c) variable position
(d) terminal ends of both chains
Answer: (d) terminal ends of both chains
9. When body cannot distinguish between self and foreign matter, it is
(a) acquired immunity
(b) passive immunity
(c) autoimmunity
(d) immunodeficiency
Answer: (c) autoimmunity
10. Salk vaccine is used to combat
(a) herpes virus
(b) polio virus
(c) AIDS
(d) rabies
Answer: (b) polio virus
11. Who among the following developed a vaccine for the first time?
(a) Edward Jenner
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) John Salk
(d) J Lister
Answer: (a) Edward Jenner
12. Inflammatory response in allergy is caused by the release of one of the following by mast cell
(a) histamines
(b) antibodies
(c) antigen
(d) none of them
Answer: (a) histamines
13. Antibodies are
(a) globular proteins
(b) immunoglobulins
(c) carbohydrates
(d) none of these
Answer: (b) immunoglobulins
14. Vaccines are prepared from immune
(a) vitamins
(b) blood
(c) serum
(d) plasma
Answer: (c) serum
15. The antibodies are
(a) gamma globulins
(b) albumins
(c) vitamins
(d) sugar
Answer: (a) gamma globulins
16. Immunoglobulins are antibodies found in blood. Most abundant class of immunoglobulin is
(a) IgM
(b) IgA
(c) IgG
(d) IgB
Answer: (c) IgG
17. Plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver with the notable exception of ‘Gamma globulins’ which are formed in
(a) brain
(b) lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue
(c) bone marrow
(d) kidney
Answer: (b) lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue
18. Immunoglobulin, whose function is to help B-cells in recognition of antigens is
(a) IgA
(b) IgE
(c) IgD
(d) IgG
Answer: (c) IgD
19. BCG vaccine is used for
(a) tuberculosis
(b) measles
(c) both
(d) none
Answer: (a) tuberculosis
20. If a person shows production of interferons in his body, the chances are that he has got an infection of
(a) thyroid
(b) measles
(c) tetanus
(d) malaria
Answer: (b) measles
21. Interferons are
(a) specific type of immunoglobulins
(b) proteins released by cells in response to viral infection
(c) protein molecules which render unattacked cells less susceptible to viral attack
(d) both b and c
Answer: (b) proteins released by cells in response to viral infection
22. Active immunity means
(a) resistance developed after disease
(b) resistance developed before disease
(c) increasing rate of heart beat
(d) increasing quantity of blood
Answer: (a) resistance developed after disease
23. Jenner prepared the vaccine for small-pox virus by using
(a) attenuated small pox virus
(b) small doses of small pox virus
(c) attenuated cow pox virus
(d) large dose of small pox virus
Answer: (c) attenuated cow pox virus
24. Which of the following is the major immunoglobulin of human serum?
(a) IgA
(b) IgE
(c) IgD
(d) IgG
Answer: (d) IgG
25. Interferons act as
(a) antibacterial agents
(b) antiviral agents
(c) simulating the cells to check the growth of viruses
(d) all of these
Answer: (c) simulating the cells to check the growth of viruses
26. Which of the following is most infective?
(a) AIDS
(b) hepatitis B
(c) common cold
(d) malaria
Answer: (b) hepatitis B
27. Resistance to body against diseases given by
(a) vaccinations
(b) irons
(c) immunoglobulins
(d) antigens
Answer: (c) immunoglobulins
28. Interleunkin -2 (IL-2) is a protein which stimulates the proliferation of activated B and T Lymphocytes. It is secreted by
(a) killer T cells
(b) helper T cells
(c) suppressor T cells
(d) both helper and suppressor T cells
Answer: (b) helper T cells
29. The part of the antibody molecule which acts as binding site for specific related antigen is
(a) complete light chain
(b) complete heavy chain
(c) complete light and heavy chain
(d) variable parts of light and heavy chain
Answer: (d) variable parts of light and heavy chain
30. Which of the following virus spreads Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?
(a) single-stranded RNA virus
(b) double stranded DNA virus
(c) double-stranded RNA virus
(d) circular DNA virus
Answer: (a) single-stranded RNA virus
31. Which of the following steps are involved in defence mechanism of the body?
(a) lymphocytes
(b) macrophages
(c) neutrophils
(d) all of these
Answer: (d) all of these
32. A non- infectious, unnatural and unusual reaction to a substance or condition is called
(a) immunity
(b) allergy
(c) infection
(d) toxin
Answer: (b) allergy
33. Triple antigen vaccine is not used for
(a) diphtheria
(b) pertussis
(c) typhoid
(d) tetanus
Answer: (c) typhoid
34. Antibody is produced by
(a) B- Lymphocytes
(b) Heparin
(c) T-lymphocyte
(d) both a and b
Answer: (a) B- Lymphocytes
35. Interferons act in
(a) already virus infected cells
(b) it makes unaffected cells less susceptible to viral attack
(c) it makes affected cell less susceptible to viral attack
(d) prevent multiplication of virus
Answer: (d) prevent multiplication of virus
36. The term ‘antibiotics’ was coined by
(a) Edward Jenner
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Selman Waksman
(d) Alexander Fleming
Answer: (c) Selman Waksman
37. Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother’s milk to the infant is categorised as
(a) active immunity
(b) passive immunity
(c) cellular immunity
(d) innate non- specific immunity
Answer: (b) passive immunity
38. What is true about T-Lymphocytes in mammals:
(a) There are three main types- cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells
(b) These originate in lymphoid tissues
(c) They scavenge damaged cells and cellular debris
(d) These are produced in thyroid
Answer: (a) There are three main types- cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells
39. Antibodies in our body complex are
(a) steroids
(b) prostaglandins
(c) glycoproteins
(d) lipoproteins
Answer: (c) glycoproteins
40. HIV that causes AIDS, first starts destroying
(a) leucocytes
(b) thrombocytes
(c) helper T lymphocytes
(d) B-lymphocytes
Answer: (c) helper T lymphocytes
41. An allergic reaction is initiated by antibodies of which group:
(a) IgA
(b) IgE
(c) IgD
(d) IgG
Answer: (b) IgE
42. The letter T in T lymphocyte refers to
(a) Thalamus
(b) Tonsil
(c) Thymus
(d) Thyroid
Answer: (c) Thymus
43. Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of micro-organisms?
(a) skin
(b) epithelium of urinogenital tract
(c) tears
(d) monocytes
Answer: (c) tears
44. Blood pressure is measured by
(a) Barometer
(b) Sphygmomanometer
(c) Stethoscope
(d) Elecroencephalogram
Answer: (b) Sphygmomanometer
45. Which of the following is absent in blood serum?
(a) antigens
(b) fibrinogen
(c) hormones
(d) antibodies
Answer: (a) antigens
46. Function of killer T cells is
(a) antibody production
(b) killing bacteria
(c) produce antigen
(d) none
Answer: (b) killing bacteria
47. Antibodies are classified into five types on basis of………present in them.
(a) heavy chain
(b) light chain
(c) both
(d) none
Answer: (a) heavy chain
48. Lymphocytes are of two types B Lymphocytes and
(a) E-Lymphocytes
(b) M-Lymphocytes
(c) G-Lymphocytes
(d) T-Lymphocytes
Answer: (d) T-Lymphocytes
49. In our body first time of defence is
(a) antibody
(b) skin
(c) lysozyme
(d) none
Answer: (b) skin
50. Humoral immune system consists of
(a) lymphocyte
(b) monocyte
(c) antibody
(d) all
Answer: (c) antibody