Basic Concept of Immunology (Multiple Choice Questions and Answers)

Basic Concept of Immunology

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

1. The immunity developed after the body has recovered from a disease is called

(a) passive immunity

(b) active immunity

(c) both a and b

(d) none of the above

Answer: (b) active immunity

 2. First line of defence of our body is

(a) skin

(b) respiratory tract

(c) lungs

(d) both a and b

Answer: (d) both a and b

 3. Antibody is

(a) WBC which engulfs bacteria

(b) component of nucleus

(c) secretion of mammalian RBC

(d) molecule that specifically inactivates an antigen

Answer: (d) molecule that specifically inactivates an antigen

 4. Vaccination against small-pox means the introduction into our body of

(a) attenuated small-pox virus

(b) leucocytes obtained from animals

(c) antibodies produced in other animals

(d) antibodies

Answer: (a) attenuated small-pox virus

 5. Antibody production is assisted by

(a) monocytes

(b) leucocytes

(c) lymphocytes

(d) erythrocytes

Answer: (c) lymphocytes

 6. Y-shaped structure is present on

(a) antigen

(b) antibody

(c) RBC

(d) proteins

Answer: (b) antibody

 7. Edward Jenner discovered

(a) immunization against small pox

(b) vaccination against small pox

(c) immunization against chicken pox

(d) vaccination against chicken pox

Answer: (c) immunization against chicken pox

 8. Antigens binding site on antibodies is at

(a) light chain

(b) strong chain

(c) variable position

(d) terminal ends of both chains

Answer: (d) terminal ends of both chains

 9. When body cannot distinguish between self and foreign matter, it is

(a) acquired immunity

(b) passive immunity

(c) autoimmunity

(d) immunodeficiency

Answer: (c) autoimmunity

 10. Salk vaccine is used to combat

(a) herpes virus

(b) polio virus

(c) AIDS

(d) rabies

Answer: (b) polio virus

 11. Who among the following developed a vaccine for the first time?

(a) Edward Jenner

(b) Louis Pasteur

(c) John Salk

(d) J Lister

Answer: (a) Edward Jenner

 12. Inflammatory response in allergy is caused by the release of one of the following by mast cell

(a) histamines

(b) antibodies

(c) antigen

(d) none of them

Answer: (a) histamines

13.  Antibodies are

(a) globular proteins

(b) immunoglobulins

(c) carbohydrates

(d) none of these

Answer: (b) immunoglobulins

 14. Vaccines are prepared from immune

(a) vitamins

(b) blood

(c) serum

(d) plasma

Answer: (c) serum

 15. The antibodies are

(a) gamma globulins

(b) albumins

(c) vitamins

(d) sugar

Answer: (a) gamma globulins

 16. Immunoglobulins are antibodies found in blood. Most abundant class of immunoglobulin is

(a) IgM

(b) IgA

(c) IgG

(d) IgB

Answer: (c) IgG

 17. Plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver with the notable exception of ‘Gamma globulins’ which are formed in

(a) brain

(b) lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue

(c) bone marrow

(d) kidney

Answer: (b) lymph nodes and lymphoid tissue

 18. Immunoglobulin, whose function is to help B-cells in recognition of antigens is

(a) IgA

(b) IgE

(c) IgD

(d) IgG

Answer: (c) IgD

19. BCG vaccine is used for

(a) tuberculosis

(b) measles

(c) both

(d) none

Answer: (a) tuberculosis

 20. If a person shows production of interferons in his body, the chances are that he has got an infection of

(a) thyroid

(b) measles

(c) tetanus

(d) malaria

Answer: (b) measles

 21. Interferons are

(a) specific type of immunoglobulins

(b) proteins released by cells in response to viral infection

(c) protein molecules which render unattacked cells less susceptible to viral attack

(d) both b and c

Answer: (b) proteins released by cells in response to viral infection

 22. Active immunity means

(a) resistance developed after disease

(b) resistance developed before disease

(c) increasing rate of heart beat

(d) increasing quantity of blood

Answer: (a) resistance developed after disease

 23. Jenner prepared the vaccine for small-pox virus by using

(a) attenuated small pox virus

(b) small doses of small pox virus

(c) attenuated cow pox virus

(d) large dose of small pox virus

Answer: (c) attenuated cow pox virus

 24. Which of the following is the major immunoglobulin of human serum?

(a) IgA

(b) IgE

(c) IgD

(d) IgG

Answer: (d) IgG

25. Interferons act as

(a) antibacterial agents

(b) antiviral agents

(c) simulating the cells to check the growth of viruses

(d) all of these

Answer: (c) simulating the cells to check the growth of viruses

 26. Which of the following is most infective?

(a) AIDS

(b) hepatitis B

(c) common cold

(d) malaria

Answer: (b) hepatitis B

 27. Resistance to body against diseases given by

(a) vaccinations

(b) irons

(c) immunoglobulins

(d) antigens

Answer: (c) immunoglobulins

28. Interleunkin -2 (IL-2) is a protein which stimulates the proliferation of activated B and T Lymphocytes. It is secreted by

(a) killer T cells

(b) helper T cells

(c) suppressor T cells

(d) both helper and suppressor T cells

Answer: (b) helper T cells

29. The part of the antibody molecule which acts as binding site for specific related antigen is

(a) complete light chain

(b) complete heavy chain

(c) complete light and heavy chain

(d) variable parts of light and heavy chain

Answer: (d) variable parts of light and heavy chain

 30. Which of the following virus spreads Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)?

(a) single-stranded RNA virus

(b) double stranded DNA virus

(c) double-stranded RNA virus

(d) circular DNA virus

Answer: (a) single-stranded RNA virus

 31. Which of the following steps are involved in defence mechanism of the body?

(a) lymphocytes

(b) macrophages

(c) neutrophils

(d) all of these

Answer: (d) all of these

 32.  A non- infectious, unnatural and unusual reaction to a substance or condition is called

(a) immunity

(b) allergy

(c) infection

(d) toxin

Answer: (b) allergy

 33. Triple antigen vaccine is not used for

(a) diphtheria

(b) pertussis

(c) typhoid

(d) tetanus

Answer: (c) typhoid

 34. Antibody is produced by

(a) B- Lymphocytes

(b) Heparin

(c) T-lymphocyte

(d) both a and b

Answer: (a) B- Lymphocytes

 35. Interferons act in

(a) already virus infected cells

(b) it makes unaffected cells less susceptible to viral attack

(c) it makes affected cell less susceptible to viral attack

(d) prevent multiplication of virus

Answer: (d) prevent multiplication of virus

 36. The term ‘antibiotics’ was coined by

(a) Edward Jenner

(b) Louis Pasteur

(c) Selman Waksman

(d) Alexander Fleming

Answer: (c) Selman Waksman

 37. Short-lived immunity acquired from mother to foetus across placenta or through mother’s milk to the infant is categorised as

(a) active immunity

(b) passive immunity

(c) cellular immunity

(d) innate non- specific immunity

Answer: (b) passive immunity

 38. What is true about T-Lymphocytes in mammals:

(a) There are three main types- cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells

(b) These originate in lymphoid tissues

(c) They scavenge damaged cells and cellular debris

(d) These are produced in thyroid

Answer: (a) There are three main types- cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells and suppressor T cells

 39. Antibodies in our body complex are

(a) steroids

(b) prostaglandins

(c) glycoproteins

(d) lipoproteins

Answer: (c) glycoproteins

 40. HIV that causes AIDS, first starts destroying

(a) leucocytes

(b) thrombocytes

(c) helper T lymphocytes

(d) B-lymphocytes

Answer: (c) helper T lymphocytes

 41. An allergic reaction is initiated by antibodies of which group:

(a) IgA

(b) IgE

(c) IgD

(d) IgG

Answer: (b) IgE

42. The letter T in T lymphocyte refers to

(a) Thalamus

(b) Tonsil

(c) Thymus

(d) Thyroid

Answer: (c) Thymus

43. Which one of the following acts as a physiological barrier to the entry of micro-organisms?

(a) skin

(b) epithelium of urinogenital tract

(c) tears

(d) monocytes

Answer: (c) tears

 44. Blood pressure is measured by

(a) Barometer

(b) Sphygmomanometer

(c) Stethoscope

(d) Elecroencephalogram

Answer: (b) Sphygmomanometer

45. Which of the following is absent in blood serum?

(a) antigens

(b) fibrinogen

(c) hormones

(d) antibodies

Answer: (a) antigens

 46. Function of killer T cells is

(a) antibody production

(b) killing bacteria

(c) produce antigen

(d) none

Answer: (b) killing bacteria

 47. Antibodies are classified into five types on basis of………present in them.

(a) heavy chain

(b) light chain

(c) both

(d) none

Answer: (a) heavy chain

 48. Lymphocytes are of two types B Lymphocytes and

(a) E-Lymphocytes

(b) M-Lymphocytes

(c) G-Lymphocytes

(d) T-Lymphocytes

Answer: (d) T-Lymphocytes

 49. In our body first time of defence is

(a) antibody

(b) skin

(c) lysozyme

(d) none

Answer: (b) skin

 50. Humoral immune system consists of

(a) lymphocyte

(b) monocyte

(c) antibody

(d) all

Answer: (c) antibody