• The Civil Rights Movement in the USA was aimed at abolishing racial discriminatino against African-Americans. It was led by Martin Luther King Junior.
  • Two African-Americans , Smith and Carlos, who won the gold and bronze medals in Olympics tried to draw the world’s attention to the racial discrimination practised against African Americans in America by protesting at the time of the medal ceremony.
  • The Black Power Movement in the USA was started in 1966 and lasted till 1975 to end racism.
  • Afro-American is a term used to refer to those Africans whose ancestors were brought to America as slaves between 17th and the early 19th centuries.
  • A social difference means the difference in a group of people due to their race, religion, language or culture.
  • When two or more social differences join together, it turns into a social division.
  • The differences between the Blacks and Whites became a social division in the US.
  • Democracy is a government of the people, by the people and for the people.
  • Democracy invovles competition among various political parties. Their competition tends to divide any society.
  • Three factors are curcial in deciding the outcome of politics of social divisions:

i) First, the outcome depends on how people perceive their identities.

ii) Second, it depends on how political leaders raise the demands of any community.

iii) Third, it depends on how the government reacts to the demands of different groups.

  • In a democracy, political expression of social division is very normla and can be healhty if a positive attitude towards diversity is kept.
  • A homogeneous society is one whose residents are similar in respect of religion, culutre, and langauge.
  • The Indian society is a diverse society.
  • India is the largest democractic country in the world.
  • Indian democracy is a parliamentarian form of democracy.
  • The constitution of India divides power between the union and the state governments.
  • Black Power was a political movement in the late 1960s and early 1970s that aimed to express a new racial consciousness among Blacks in the United States.
  • Shifting of people from one country to another or from one place to another in search of jobs or for other reasons is known as migration.
  • Migration converts a homogeneous country into a heterogeneous country.
  • Democracy : A government is framed by the representatives elected by the people. In other words, democracy is the government of the people, by the people, for the people.
  • Homogeneous Society : A society that has similar kinds of people, especially where there are no significant ethnic.
  • Migrant : Anybody who shifts from one region or a country to another region within a country or to another country, usually for work or other economic opportunities.
  • Civil Rights Movement : It was a non-violent movement initiated by Martin Luther King Junior to fight against racial discrimination practised in the US against African-Americans who were Blacks.
  • African-American : The descendants fo Africans who were brought into America as slaves between the 17th century and the early 19th century.
  • Black Power : The Black Power Movement came into existence in 1966 and lasted till 1975. It was a militant anti-racist movement, advocating even violence to end racism in the US.
  • Racism : The unfair treatment of people who belong to a different race.
  • Atheist : A person who does not believe in God or religion.
  • Overlapping Differences : When some social differences overlap with other differences, we call them overlapping differences.
  • Cross-cutting Differences : When some social differences cross cut one another, they are called cross-cutting differences.
  • Minority : Communities which are less than half of the total population of the country.
  • Forum : The lower courts are referred to as forums.
  • Social Differences : Social diversity which is different from society to society .
  • Discrimination : The practice of treating somebody or a particular group in society less fairly than others.
  • Multi-cultural Community : Social community formed on the basis of different cultures is termed as multi-cultural community. Generally, this is the result of migration.
  • Social Division : Division of society on the basis of caste, race, religion, language, region, sex , etc.
  • Disintegration : The process fo braking into small parts.