Ecological Plant Groups
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
1. Heterophyllous plants are found as
(a) free floating hydrophytes
(b) submerged hydrophytes
(c) rooted and floating hydrophytes
(d) halophytes
Answer: (c) rooted and floating hydrophytes
2. Among the following which is not a characteristic of hydrophyte?
(a) abundant air spaces and air chambers
(b) plentiful xylem and sclerenchyma
(c) leaves having stomata only on the upper side or none
(d) poor fruit development
Answer: (b) plentiful xylem and sclerenchyma
3. Hydrophytes have
(a) well developed roots
(b) well developed stomata
(c) less mechanical system as well as feebly developed vascular system
(d) none
Answer: (c) less mechanical system as well as feebly developed vascular system
4. Plants growing near sea shore will usually have xerophytic characters like thick leaves because
(a) there is plenty of water in the soil
(b) there is too high a concentration of salts for the plants to absorb sufficient water from soil
(c) light available to the plants is insufficient
(d) the soil is physically dry
Answer: (b) there is too high a concentration of salts for the plants to absorb sufficient water from soil
5. An aquatic plant with floating leaves have
(a) stomata on both leaf surfaces
(b) stomata on petiole only
(c) stomata on upper surface
(d) stomata on lower surface
Answer: (c) stomata on upper surface
6. Plants such as Pandanus and Rhizophora are examples of
(a) xerophytes
(b) mesophytes
(c) hydrophytes
(d) halophytes
Answer: (d) halophytes
7. In general, a plant most likely to survive in area where temperature is high, relative humidity is low and wind prevalent, would have leaves
(a) large and broad
(b) large intercellular air spaces
(c) reduced palisade tissue
(d) small and narrow
Answer: (d) small and narrow
8. Hydrilla and Vallisneria are examples of
(a) submerged aquatic plants
(b) floating aquatic plants
(c) aquatic plants with floating leaves
(d) amphibious plants with dimorphic leaves
Answer: (a) submerged aquatic plants
9. Which group of plants has to face physiological dryness?
(a) halophytes
(b) lithophytes
(c) hydrophytes
(d) epiphytes
Answer: (a) halophytes
10. Desert plants have longer root system because
(a) high temperature of soil encourageous root growth
(b) low temperature at night encourageous root growth
(c) those plants adapted to produce long root system can survive better in a desert
(d) roots grow in search of water
Answer: (c) those plants adapted to produce long root system can survive better in a desert
11. Which of the following is not the characteristic feature of the anatomy of xerophytes?
(a) spongy parenchyma
(b) well-developed conducting tissue
(c) well developed mechanical tissue
(d) thick cuticle
Answer: (a) spongy parenchyma
12. In submerged hydrophytes the functional stomata are found
(a) on the upper surface of leaf
(b) on the lower surface of leaf
(c) on both surfaces of leaf
(d) no where
Answer: (d) no where
13. Leaves of desert grasses often roll their leaves to
(a) protect growing apex
(b) reduce respiration
(c) check loss of water by transpiration
(d) none
Answer: (c) check loss of water by transpiration
14. In which of the following the seed germinates while still attached with the main plant?
(a) Mango
(b) Rhizophora
(c) Screwpine
(d) Coconut
Answer:
(b) Rhizophora
15. Vivipary is the condition where
(a) seed germinates within the fruit
(b) seeds sprouts out when fruit is still attached to tree
(c) seed germinates inside fruit when it falls down
(d) none of these
Answer: (b) seeds sprouts out when fruit is still attached to tree
16. Swollen spongy petioles are present in
(a) Eichhornia
(b) Pistia
(c) Hydrilla
(d) Laminaria
Answer: (a) Eichhornia
17. Typha is a
(a) submerged hydrophyte
(b) emerged hydrophyte
(c) floating hydrophytes
(d) attached hydrophyte with floating leaves
Answer: (a) submerged hydrophyte
18. The basis of classification of plants into hydrophytes, mesophytes and xerophytes is
(a) availability of water
(b) tolerance to light
(c) tolerance to temperature
(d) tolerance to salinity and rain
Answer: (b) tolerance to light
19. Which of the following individual character can provide relatively better adaptability for plants growing in deserts
(a) well-developed root system
(b) succulent leaves
(c) reduction of leaf surface
(d) thick cuticle
Answer: (b) succulent leaves
20. Among hydrophytes, finely dissected leaves occur in
(a) rooted floating leaved plants
(b) submerged plants
(c) emerged plants
(d) free floating plants
Answer: (a) rooted floating leaved plants
21. What type of leaves are present in Ranunculus aquatilis?
(a) simple entire
(b) homophyllous
(c) heterophyllous
(d) pinnately compound
Answer: (d) pinnately compound
22. Which of the plants is devoid of roots?
(a) Azolla
(b) Ceratophyllum
(c) Hydrilla
(d) Vallisneria
Answer: (c) Hydrilla
23. Presence of water table near soil surface results in
(a) shallow roots
(b) extensive roots
(c) curved roots
(d) long roots
Answer: (d) long roots
24. Feebly developed and soft stem with a large number of air spaces is a characteristic of
(a) lithophytes
(b) halophytes
(c) hydrophytes
(d) xerophytes
Answer: (b) halophytes
25. Presence of mucilage is characteristic of
(a) water storage tissue
(b) insectivorous plants
(c) aerenchyma
(d) mesophytes
Answer: (a) water storage tissue
26. Sunken stomata and multiple epidermal cells found in the leaves of
(a) Zea mays
(b) Nerium
(c) Nelumbium
(d) Acacia
Answer: (c) Nelumbium
27. Sun loving plants are known as
(a) heliophytes
(b) sciophytes
(c) halophytes
(d) xerophytes
Answer: (a) heliophytes
28. Submerged rooted plant amongst the following is
(a) Hydrilla
(b) Vallisneria
(c) Pistia
(d) None
Answer: (b) Vallisneria
29. Halophytes are able to grow in concentrated salt solution because they
(a) accumulate high concentration of KCL
(b) have branched hydrocarbon chains in the phospholipids of cell membranes
(c) possess pigment bacteriorhodopsin
(d) can absorb water against concentration gradient
Answer: (a) accumulate high concentration of KCL
30. Excessive aerenchyma is characteristic of
(a) hydrophytes
(b) xerophytes
(c) mesophytes
(d) heliophytes
Answer: (b) xerophytes
31. In submerged plants, the stomata lie on
(a) upper surface
(b) both surfaces
(c) lower surface
(d) none of these
Answer: (a) upper surface
32. The stem of submerged hydrophytes is soft and weak. This is due to
(a) absence of xylem
(b) absence of stomata
(c) absence of phloem
(d) reduced mechanical tissue and xylem
Answer: (a) absence of xylem
33. Stomata in floating plants are located on
(a) both surfaces of leaf
(b) lower surface of leaves
(c) upper surface of leaves
(d) are absent
Answer: (d) are absent
34. An American plant which has become troublesome waterweed in India is
(a). Typha latifolia
(b). Trapa bispinosa
(c). Cyperus rotundus
(d). Eichhornia crassipes
Answer: (d). Eichhornia crassipes
35. Submerged rooted plant amongst the following is
(a) Hydrilla
(b) Vallisneria
(c) Pistia
(d) None
Answer: (d) None
36. Submerged hydrophytes have well developed
(a) vascular system
(b) aerenchyma
(c) root system
(d) stoma
Answer: (b) aerenchyma
37. Osmotic pressure is maximum in
(a) hydrophytes
(b) halophytes
(c) xerophytes
(d) mesophytes
Answer: (a) hydrophytes
38. Waxy coating on the surface of floating leaves prevents
(a) respiration
(b) photosynthesis
(c) clogging of stomata
(d) transpiration
Answer: (c) clogging of stomata
39. Avicennia, Rhizophora, Atriplex are
(a) xerophytes
(b) halophytes
(c) hydrophytes
(d) mesophytes
Answer: (b) halophytes
40. Praying Mantis is a good example of
(a) camouflage
(b) warning colouration
(c) mullerian mimicry
(d) social insect
Answer: (a) camouflage
41. Characteristics features of netritic zone of sea are
(a) velamen
(b) lenticels
(c) pneumatophore
(d) hydathode
Answer: (c) pneumatophore
42. Pneumatophores occur in
(a) halophytes/mangroves
(b) xerophytes
(c) mesophytes
(d) hydrophytes
Answer: (a) halophytes/mangroves
43. Which of the following is a xerophytic plant in which the stem is modified into a flat green and succulent structure?
(a) Casuarinas
(b) Opuntia
(c) Hydrilla
(d) Acacia
Answer: (b) Opuntia
44. Plants that grow in sandy soil are known as
(a) heliophytes
(b) psammophytes
(c) sciophytes
(d) mesophytes
Answer: (b) psammophytes
45. Free floating hydrophytes amongst the following is
(a) Lemna
(b) Opuntia
(c) Trapa
(d) Hydrilla
Answer: (a) Lemna
46. Calotropis is a
(a) ephemeral annual
(b) succulent
(c) drought resistant
(d) halophyte
Answer: (c) drought resistant
47. Name the plant that has bulbous petiole
(a) Eichhornia
(b) Hydrilla
(c) Marsilea
(d) Pistia
Answer: (a) Eichhornia
48. Heterophylly shown by
(a) Ranunculus
(b) Limnophila
(c) Sagittaria
(d) All the above
Answer: (d) All the above
49. Example of ephemeral annual is
(a) Argemone mexicana
(b) Cassia
(c) Opuntia
(d) All the above
Answer: (d) All the above
50. Cistoliths are present in
(a) Ficus
(b) Casuarina
(c) Calotropis
(d) None
Answer: (a) Ficus