Ecosystem
Multiple Choice Questions and Answers
1. The importance of ecosystem lies in
(a) flow of energy
(b) cycling of materials
(c) both the above
(d) none of the above
Answer: (c) both the above
2. The recycling of elements in an ecosystem is called
(a) chemical cycle
(b) geological cycle
(c) biogeochemical cycle
(d) geochemical cycle
Answer: (c) biogeochemical cycle
3. The source of energy in an ecosystem is
(a) decomposition of animals and plants by bacteria
(b) photosynthesis by plants
(c) fermentation by sugar
(d) sun light
Answer: (d) sun light
4. The first link in any food chain is always a green plant because
(a) they are widely distributed
(b) they are firmly fixed to soil
(c) they alone have the capacity to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight
(d) there are more herbivorous animals than carnivores
Answer: (c) they alone have the capacity to fix atmospheric carbon dioxide in the presence of sunlight
5. Trophic level are formed by
(a) only plants
(b) only animals
(c) only coronavirus
(d) organism linked in food chains
Answer: (d) organism linked in food chains
6. Biological equilibrium occurs among the
(a) producers and consumers
(b) producers and decomposers
(c) producers consumers and decomposers
(d) producers themselves
Answer: (c) producers consumers and decomposers
7. A plant, being eaten by a herbivore which in turn is eaten by a carnivore, makes
(a) food chain
(b) web of food
(c) omnivores
(d) interdependence
Answer: (a) food chain
8. If all the green plant where to disappear from the Earth
(a) all the animals will die
(b) only herbivores will die
(c) only carnivores will die
(d) it will not matter to any animal
Answer: (a) all the animals will die
9. The non green plants are as important as green plants because they
(a) cause human diseases
(b) cause diseases of other plants
(c) are useful in several industries
(d) bring about the decomposition of dead animals and plants remains
Answer: (d) bring about the decomposition of dead animals and plants remains
10. The pyramid of numbers in grassland ecosystem will be
(a) linear
(b) upright
(c) irregular
(d) inverted
Answer: (b) upright
11. The pyramid of energy is
(a) always upright
(b) always inverted
(c) both upright and inverted
(d) none of the above
Answer: (a) always upright
12. The planktonic forms of plants are
(a) autotrophs
(b) heterotrophs
(c) chemotrophs
(d) insectivorous types
Answer: (a) autotrophs
13. A community is
(a) a collection of plants and animals
(b) organisms living in a habitat
(c) autotrophs and heterotrophs
(d) web of life
Answer: (b) organisms living in a habitat
14. Ecosystem has two components
(a) plants and animals
(b) weeds and trees
(c) biotic and abiotic
(d) frogs and mentions
Answer: (c) biotic and abiotic
15. The organisms at the base of food chain are
(a) herbivores
(b) photosynthetic plants
(c) saprophytic plants
(d) carnivores
Answer: (b) photosynthetic plants
16. In abiotic components of an ecosystem which of the following occurs
(a) flow of energy
(b) cycling of materials
(c) consumers
(d) flow of energy and cycling of material
Answer: (b) cycling of materials
17. In natural ecosystem, decomposers include
(a) only bacteria and fungi
(b) only microscopic animals
(c) the above two types of organisms plus macroscopic animals
(d) only the above two types of organisms
Answer: (a) only bacteria and fungi
18. Ecosystem is
(a) both open and closed unit depending upon biomass present
(b) closed unit
(c) open unit
(d) both open and closed unit depending upon community
Answer: (b) closed unit
19. Organisms of the same trophic level are
(a) cheetah and wild boar
(b) deer and honey bee
(c) snake and earthworm
(d) crow and cow
Answer: (b) deer and honey bee
20. There is no difference between the following
(a) trophic level 1 and herbivores
(b) primary consumers and herbivores
(c) primary consumers and trophic level II
(d) secondary consumers and herbivores
Answer: (b) primary consumers and herbivores
21. The driving force of the ecosystem is
(a) carbohydrates in plants
(b) biomass
(c) producer
(d) solar energy
Answer: (d) solar energy
22. The ecosystem receive nitrogen from outside through
(a) industries
(b) electrification of nitrogen
(c) biological nitrogen fixation
(d) all the above
Answer: (d) all the above
23. Generally the food chain has how many trophic levels?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4 or more
(d) 3
Answer: (d) 3
24. Which of the following is a correct sequence of food chain?
(a) fallen- leaves- bacteria- insect- larvae- birds
(b) phytoplankton – zooplankton- fish
(c) grasses-fox-rabbit
(d) grasses-chamelion-insects-birds
Answer: (b) phytoplankton – zooplankton- fish
25. Which of the following word is related to Homo sapiens?
(a) herbivores
(b) carnivores
(c) autotroph
(d) omnivore
Answer: (d) omnivore
26. Which is the most stable ecosystem?
(a) mountain
(b) desert
(c) forest
(d) ocean
Answer: (d) ocean
27. Ecosystem contains
(a) producers
(b) consumers
(c) decomposers
(d) all the above
Answer: (d) all the above
28. The term eosystem was coined by
(a) Odum
(b) Ernst Haeckel
(c) Tansley
(d) Reiter
Answer: (c) Tansley
29. Which of the following ecosystems has highest gross primary productivity?
(a) grasslands
(b) coral reefs
(c) mangroves
(d) rainforest
Answer: (a) grasslands
30. The 10% energy transfer law of food was given by
(a) Stanley
(b) Wiesman
(c) Lindemann
(d) Tansley
Answer: (c) Lindemann
31. Niche of a species means
(a) the specific place where an organism lives
(b) the specific function of species
(c) the habitat and specific function of a species
(d) none of these
Answer: (c) the habitat and specific function of a species
32. Part of the earth that inhabits living organism is called
(a) biome
(b) biotrophy
(c) biosphere
(d) biodata
Answer: (c) biosphere
33. In a food chain, the total amount of living material is depicted by
(a) pyramid of energy
(b) pyramid of numbers
(c) pyramid of biomass
(d) all the above
Answer: (c) pyramid of biomass
34. Pyramid of energy in a pond ecosystem is always
(a) inverted
(b) upright only
(c) irregular
(d) linear
Answer: (b) upright only
35. The rate at which light energy is converted to the chemical energy of organic molecules in the ecosystem is
(a) gross secondary productivity
(b) net primary productivity
(c) gross primary productivity
(d) net secondary productivity
Answer: (b) net primary productivity
36. The treeless biome includes
(a) deserts
(b) grassland
(c) tundra
(d) all of these
Answer: (d) all of these
37. Pyramid of energy in pond ecosystem is always
(a) inverted
(b) linear
(c) upright only
(d) irregular
Answer: (c) upright only
38. The correct sequence of food chain is
(a) bacteria- grass- rabbit- wolf
(b) grass- snake- insect- deer
(c) grass- wolf- deer- buffalo
(d) grass- insect- birds -snake
Answer: (d) grass- insect- birds -snake
39. In an aquatic environment microscopic plants and animals are collectively known as
(a) commensals
(b) herbivores
(c) fauna and flora
(d) planktons
Answer: (d) planktons
40. Which of the following habitats is most unstable for primary productivity?
(a) meadow
(b) forested riverbank
(c) cave
(d) pond
Answer: (c) cave
41. Which of the following occurs in abiotic components of an ecosystem?
(a) flow of energy
(b) cycling of materials
(c) consumers
(d) flow of energy and cycling of materials
Answer: (b) cycling of materials
42. The transfer of energy from organism to organism in a natural community establishes
(a) food chain
(b) biological control
(c) natural barriers
(d) all of these
Answer: (a) food chain
43. Type of ecological pyramid is occupied by
(a) herbivores
(b) carnivores
(c) produces
(d) none of these
Answer: (b) carnivores
44. The snakes are included under
(a) saprophytes
(b) primary consumer
(c) secondary trophic level
(d) none of these
Answer: (c) secondary trophic level
45. Zooplanktons forms are
(a) primary consumers
(b) secondary consumers
(c) carnivores
(d) primary producers
Answer: (a) primary consumers
46. Food chain are met only in the
(a) sea
(b) forests
(c) deserts
(d) in all these places
Answer: (d) in all these places
47. In an upright pyramid of biomass, the herbivores occupy the position
(a) 4
(b) 2
(c) 3
(d) 1
Answer: (b) 2
48. Which ecosystem has the highest primary productivity?
(a) pond ecosystem
(b) lake ecosystem
(c) grassland ecosystem
(d) forest ecosystem
Answer: (d) forest ecosystem
49. The shape of pyramid of energy in the grassland and pond ecosystem is
(a) inverted
(b) upright
(c) inverted and upright
(d) rhomboidal
Answer: (b) upright
50. Transition zone between two ecological types is inhabited by
(a) ecotone
(b) ecotype
(c) ecosystem
(d) ecad
Answer: (a) ecotone