Plant Structure Questions and Answers

Multiple Choice Questions and Answers on Plant Structure

Question 1 : In plant cells, which of the following is not a function of the large central vacuoles of plant cells?

  1. Storage of food
  2. Support
  3. Contractile regulation of
  4. Waste storage water content

Answer : 3

Question 2 : Which of the following can be found as a part of the mitochondrial matrix?

  1. Ribosomes
  2. DNA
  3. Enzymes
  4. All of these

Answer : 4

Question 3 : The cell membrane is made up of

  1. lipoproteins
  2. cellulose
  3. phospholipids
  4. phosphoproteins

Answer : 1

Question 4 : Which of the following statements about the outer mitochondrial membrane is not true?

  1. The outer membrane is impermeable to hydrogen ions
  2. The outer membrane is highly permeable to substances of small molecular weight
  3. The outer membrane is about 50% lipid and 50% protein by weight
  4. The outer membrane contains porins

Answer : 1

Question 5 : Specialized type of peroxisome and the site of glyoxylate pathway in certain plants is known as

  1. gly-peroxisome
  2. lysosome
  3. glyoxysome
  4. endoplasmic reticulum

Answer : 2

Question 6 : Cellular organelles are embedded in the

  1. endoplasmic reticulum
  2. cristae
  3. cytosol
  4. microtubules

Answer : 3

Question 7 : Which molecule serves as a carrier of fatty acids in mitochondria?

  1. Acetyl-CoA
  2. Carnitine
  3. Dolichol
  4. Malonyl-CoA

Answer : 2

Question 8 : If the ester bonds of a triacylglycerol molecule’s are broken then the kind of molecule, which would be soluble in water, is

  1. fatty acid
  2. steroid
  3. glycogen
  4. glycerol

Answer : 4

Question 9 : The composition of the inner mitochondrial membrane is most like that of

  1. the outer mitochondrial membrane
  2. the cell’s plasma membrane
  3. some bacterial plasma membranes
  4. the nuclear membrane

Answer : 3

Question 10 : If complex III were incorporated into an artificial lipid vesicle in order to demonstrate it’s proton translocating ability in isolation, which of the following would be an appropriate electron donor?

  1. Cytochrome c red
  2. Cytochrome c peroxidase
  3. Ubiquinol (UQH2)
  4. Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer : 3

Question 11 : Cellular metabolism is an example of

  1. equilibrium metabolism
  2. steady-state metabolism
  3. a series of reactions occurring under standard conditions
  4. a series of reactions that defy the second law of thermodynamics

Answer : 2

Question 12 : Which of the following experimental results does not support Mitchell’s chemiosmosis theory?

  1. Electron transport in isolated mitochondria was shown to result in acidification of the medium
  2. Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria was shown to inhibit electron transport, but had no effect on ATP synthesis
  3. Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria during electron transport was shown to inhibit acidification of the medium
  4. An artificial proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport

Answer : 2

Question 13 : Both plant and animal cell possess

  1. cell walls
  2. mitochondria
  3. central vacuoles
  4. chloroplast

Answer : 2

Question 14 : The cellular organelle associated with secretion is the

  1. golgi complex
  2. mitochondrion
  3. ribosome
  4. lysosome

Answer : 1

Question 15 : Which of the following statements about mitochondrial proteins is true?

  1. All mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria
  2. Some mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria and others
  3. All mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytoplasm
  4. Mitochondrial proteins arise from other mitochondrial proteins

Answer : 2

Question 16 : “The universe tends towards maximum disorder” is stated by

  1. first law of thermodynamics
  2. second law of thermodynamics
  3. third law of thermodynamics
  4. none of the above

Answer : 2

Question 17 : Water content of active protoplasm is

  1. 10%
  2. 40%
  3. 70%
  4. 90%

Answer : 4

Question 18 : Which of the following is not an electron carrier class in the electron transport chain?

  1. Flavoproteins
  2. Cytochromes
  3. Iron – sulfur proteins
  4. Cytochrome c oxidase

Answer : 4

Question 19 : What is the source of free energy (ΔG) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

  1. Glycolysis
  2. Creatine phosphate
  3. The redox reactions of electron transport
  4. ATP

Answer : 3

Question 20 : The cellular organelle associated with photosynthesis is the

  1. golgi complex
  2. mitochondrion
  3. lysosome
  4. chloroplast

Answer : 4

Question 21 : Which cell type is likely to have the most mitochondria?

  1. Fast-twitch muscle
  2. Slow-twitch muscle
  3. Liver cells
  4. Adipose cells

Answer : 2

Question 22 : Tonoplast is a membrane around

  1. cytoplasm
  2. vacuole
  3. nucleus
  4. mitochondria

Answer : 2

Question 23 : A cell without cell wall is called

  1. apoplast
  2. protoplast
  3. symplast
  4. none of these

Answer : 2

Question 24 : Chemical energy is supplied to eukaryotic cells by

  1. chloroplasts and golgi complexes
  2. mitochondria and ribosomes
  3. mitochondria only
  4. mitochondria and chloroplasts

Answer : 4

Question 25 : Which part of a plant contains the male sex cell?

  1. Ova
  2. Style
  3. Stamen
  4. Pollen

Answer : 4

Question 26 : Which of the following elements is likely to form the least polar covalent bond with hydrogen?

  1. Nitrogen
  2. Oxygen
  3. Carbon
  4. Phosphorus

Answer : 3

Question 27 : The mitochondria were known in the nineteenth century to be osmotically active on the basis of evidence that

  1. the mitochondrial matrix is hypotonic to the cellular cytoplasm
  2. the mitochondrial matrix is hypertonic to the cellular cytoplasm
  3. mitochondria were derived from a symbiotic bacterium
  4. mitochondria are surrounded by a semi permeable membrane

Answer : 4

Question 28 : Mitochondria can be expected most numerous in

  1. green cells
  2. red blood cells
  3. muscle cells
  4. none of these

Answer : 3

Question 29 : Why do some redox reactions in cells result in the transfer of electrons from a reductant with a higher standard redox potential to an oxidant with a lower standard redox potential?

  1. Redox potentials are defined under standard conditions, and cellular conditions are typically not standard conditions
  2. The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo
  3. Electrons always go from reductants with high redox potentials to oxidants with low redox potentials
  4. None of the above

Answer : 1

Question 30 : Lysosomes are associated with

  1. photosynthesis
  2. respiration
  3. storage
  4. digestion

Answer : 4

Question 31 : Any system that is not at equilibrium

  1. is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
  2. is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
  3. is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
  4. requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium

Answer : 1

Question 32 : The element neon (Ne) has eight electrons in its outermost electron shell. How many covalent bonds will Ne readily form?

  1. None
  2. One
  3. Two
  4. Four

Answer : 1

Question 33 : Which of the following functional groups would make a carbon-based compound the least polar?

  1. Phosphate
  2. Methyl
  3. Carboxyl
  4. Amino

Answer : 2

Question 34 : Which is not true about a photon?

  1. It is a packet of light energy
  2. The shorter the wavelength, the greater the energy of the photons
  3. It is trapped by photosynthetic unit
  4. It donates electron to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose

Answer : 4

Question 35 : If the ends of the following polysaccharide are pulled, which one would stretch the most?

  1. Glycogen
  2. Starch
  3. Cellulose
  4. None of these

Answer : 2

 Question 36 : Any system that is not at equilibrium

  1. is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
  2. is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
  3. is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
  4. requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium

Answer : 1

Question 37 : The element neon (Ne) has eight electrons in its outermost electron shell. How many covalent bonds will Ne readily form?

  1. None
  2. One
  3. Two
  4. Four

Answer : 1

Question 38 : Which of the following functional groups would make a carbon-based compound the least polar?

  1. Phosphate
  2. Methyl
  3. Carboxyl
  4. Amino

Answer : 2