Multiple Choice Questions and Answers (MCQs) on Surveying and Levelling
01. To avoid large centering error with very short legs, observations are generally made
(A) To chain pins
(B) By using optical system for centering the theodolite
(C) To a target fixed on theodolite tripod on which theodolite may be fitted easily
(D) All the above
Answer: Option C
02. Different grades are joined together by a
(A) Compound curve
(B) Transition curve
(C) Reverse curve
(D) Vertical curve
Answer: Option D
03. Which of the following methods of theodolite traversing is suitable for locating the details which are far away from transit stations?
(A) Measuring angle and distance from one transit station
(B) Measuring angles to the point from at least two stations
(C) Measuring angle at one station and distance from other
(D) Measuring distance from two points on traverse line
Answer: Option B
04. The line of collimation method of reduction of levels, does not provide a check on
(A) Intermediate sights
(B) Fore sights
(C) Back sights
(D) Reduced levels
Answer: Option A
05. Which of the following methods of contouring is most suitable for a hilly terrain?
(A) Direct method
(B) Square method
(C) Cross-sections method
(D) Tachometric method
Answer: Option D
06. The chord of a curve less than peg interval, is known as
(A) Small chord
(B) Sub-chord
(C) Normal chord
(D) Short chord
Answer: Option B
07. The size of a plane table is
(A) 750 mm × 900 mm
(B) 600 mm × 750 mm
(C) 450 mm × 600 mm
(D) 300 mm × 450 mm
Answer: Option B
08. If the reduced bearing of a line AB is N60°W and length is 100 m, then the latitude and departure respectively of the line AB will be
(A) +50 m, +86.6 m
(B) +86.6 m, -50 m
(C) +50 m, -86.6 m
(D) +70.7 m, -50 m
Answer: Option B
09. A lemniscate curve between the tangents will be transitional throughout if the polar deflection angle of its apex, is
(A) Δ/2
(B) Δ/3
(C) Δ/4
(D) Δ/6
Answer: Option D
10. Contour interval is
(A) Inversely proportional to the scale of the map
(B) Directly proportional to the flatness of ground
(C) Larger for accurate works
(D) Larger if the time available is more
Answer: Option A
11. The smaller horizontal angle between the true meridian and a survey line, is known
(A) Declination
(B) Bearing
(C) Azimuth
(D) Dip
Answer: Option C
12. Contour interval is
(A) The vertical distance between two consecutive contours
(B) The horizontal distance between two consecutive contours
(C) The vertical distance between two points on same contour
(D) The horizontal distance between two points on same contour
Answer: Option A
13. Check lines (or proof lines) in Chain Surveying, are essentially required
(A) To plot the chain lines
(B) To plot the offsets
(C) To indicate the accuracy of the survey work
(D) To increase the out-turn
Answer: Option C
14. After fixing the plane table to the tripod, the main operations which are needed at each plane table station are (i) Levelling (ii) Orientation (iii) Centering The correct sequence of these operations is
(A) (i), (ii), (iii)
(B) (i), (iii), (ii)
(C) (iii), (i), (ii)
(D) (ii), (iii), (i)
Answer: Option B
15. There are two stations A and B. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) The fore bearing of AB is AB
(B) The back bearing of AB is BA
(C) The fore and back bearings of AB differ by 180°
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
16. The Random errors tend to accumulate proportionally to
(A) Numbers of operations involved
(B) Reciprocal of operations involved
(C) Square root of the number of operation involved
(D) Cube root of the number of operation involved
Answer: Option C
17. In direct method of contouring, the process of locating or identifying points lying on a contour is called
(A) Ranging
(B) Centring
(C) Horizontal control
(D) Vertical control
Answer: Option D
18. The conventional sign shown in below figure represents a
(A) Road bridge
(B) Railway bridge
(C) Canal bridge
(D) Aquaduct
Answer: Option A
19. Pick up the incorrect statement from the following:
(A) While measuring a distance with a tape of length 100.005 m, the distance to be increasing by 0.005 m for each tape length
(B) An increase in temperature causes a tape to increase in length and the measured distance is too large
(C) The straight distance between end points of a suspended tape is reduced by an amount called the sag correction
(D) A 100 m tape of cross section 10 mm × 0.25 mm stretches about 10 mm under 5 kg pull
Answer: Option B
20. For the construction of highway (or railway)
(A) Longitudinal sections are required
(B) Cross sections are required
(C) Both longitudinal and cross sections are required
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C
21. Detailed plotting is generally done by
(A) Radiation
(B) Traversing
(C) Resection
(D) All of the above
Answer: Option A
22. If the smallest division of a vernier is longer than the smallest division of its primary scale, the vernier is known as
(A) Direct vernier
(B) Double vernier
(C) Retrograde vernier
(D) Simple vernier
Answer: Option C
23. The method of reversal
(A) Is usually directed to examine whether a certain part is truly parallel or perpendicular to another
(B) Makes the erroneous relationship between parts evident
(C) Both (a) and (b)
(D) Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: Option C
24. The line normal to the plumb line is known as
(A) Horizontal line
(B) Level line
(C) Datum line
(D) Vertical line
Answer: Option B
25. In levelling operation
(A) When the instrument is being shifted, the staff must not be moved
(B) When the staff is being carried forward, the instrument must remain stationary
(C) Both (a) and (b)
(D) Neither (a) nor (b)
Answer: Option C
26. The two point problem and three point problem are methods of
(A) Resection
(B) Orientation
(C) Traversing
(D) Resection and orientation
Answer: Option D
27. Ramsden eye-piece consists of
(A) Two convex lenses short distance apart
(B) Two concave lenses short distance apart
(C) One convex lens and one concave lens short distance apart
(D) Two Plano-convex lenses short distance apart, with the convex surfaces facing each other
Answer: Option D
28. The line of sight is kept as high above ground surface as possible to minimise the error in the observed angles due to
(A) Shimmering
(B) Horizontal refraction
(C) Vertical refraction
(D) Both shimmering and horizontal refraction
Answer: Option D
29. If ‘I’ is the stadia distance, ‘f’ is the focal length and ‘d’ is the distance between the objective and vertical axis of the techeometer, the multiplying constant, is
(A) f/i
(B) i/f
(C) (f + d)
(D) f/d
Answer: Option A
30. The desired sensitivity of a bubble tube with 2 mm divisions is 30″. The radius of the bubble tube should be
(A) 13.75 m
(B) 3.44 m
(C) 1375 m
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
31. Subtense bar is an instrument used for
(A) Levelling
(B) Measurement of horizontal distances in plane areas
(C) Measurement of horizontal distances in undulated areas
(D) Measurement of angles
Answer: Option C
32. Volume of the earth work may be calculated by
(A) Mean areas
(B) End areas
(C) Trapezoidal
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
33. Tacheometric formula for horizontal distances using horizontal sights can also suitable be employed for inclined sights through θ by multiplying
(A) The constants by sin2θ
(B) The constants by cos2θ
(C) The constants by cosθ
(D) The multiplying constant by cos2θ and additive constant by cosθ
Answer: Option D
34. Pick up the correct statement from the following:
(A) The directions of plumb lines suspended at different points in a survey are not strictly parallel
(B) In surveys of small extent, the effect of curvature may be ignored and the level surface of the earth is assumed as horizontal
(C) In surveys of large extent, the effect of curvature of the earth must be considered
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
35. In levelling operation
(A) If second reading is more than first, it represents a rise
(B) If first reading is more than second, it represents a rise
(C) If first reading is less than second, it represents a fall
(D) Both (b) and (c)
Answer: Option D
36. Over-turning of vehicles on a curve can be avoided by using
(A) Compound curve
(B) Vertical curve
(C) Reverse curve
(D) Transition curve
Answer: Option D
37. Which of the following introduces an error of about 1 in 1000 if 20 m chain is used?
(A) Length of chain 20 mm wrong
(B) One end of the chain 0.9 m off the line
(C) One end of chain 0.9 m higher than the other
(D) All the above
Answer: Option D
38. Chain surveying is well adopted for
(A) Small areas in open ground
(B) Small areas with crowded details
(C) Large areas with simple details
(D) Large areas with difficult details
Answer: Option A
39. Two contour lines, having the same elevation
(A) Cannot cross each other
(B) Can cross each other
(C) Cannot unite together
(D) Can unite together
Answer: Option D
40. The conventional sign shown in below figure represents a
(A) Bridge carrying railway below road
(B) Bridge carrying road below railway
(C) Bridge carrying road and railway at the same level
(D) A level crossing
Answer: Option A
41. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(A) Error due to refraction may not be completely eliminated by reciprocal levelling
(B) Tilting levels are commonly used for precision work
(C) The last reading of levelling is always a foresight
(D) All of the above statements are incorrect
Answer: Option D
42. In levelling operation,
(A) The first sight on any change point is a back sight
(B) The second sight on any change point is a fore sight
(C) The line commences with a fore sight and closes with a back sight
(D) The line commences with a back sight and closes with a foresight
Answer: Option D
43. The length of a traverse leg may be obtained by multiplying the latitude and
(A) Secant of its reduced bearing
(B) Sine of its reduced bearing
(C) Cosine of its reduced bearing
(D) Tangent of its reduced bearing
Answer: Option A
44. While working on a plane table, the correct rule is:
(A) Draw continuous lines from all instrument stations
(B) Draw short rays sufficient to contain the points sought
(C) Intersection should be obtained by actually drawing second rays (D) Take maximum number of sights as possible from each station to distant objects
Answer: Option B
45. The vertical angle between longitudinal axis of a freely suspended magnetic needle and a horizontal line at its pivot, is known
(A) Declination
(B) Azimuth
(C) Dip
(D) Bearing
Answer: Option C
46. In the cross-section method of indirect contouring, the spacing of cross-sections depends upon (i) Contour interval (ii) Scale of plan (iii) Characteristics of ground The correct answer is
(A) Only (i)
(B) (i) and (ii)
(C) (ii) and (iii)
(D) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Answer: Option D
47. Transition curves are introduced at either end of a circular curve, to obtain
(A) Gradually decrease of curvature from zero at the tangent point to the specified quantity at the junction of the transition curve with main curve
(B) Gradual increase of super-elevation from zero at the tangent point to the specified amount at the junction of the transition curve with main curve
(C) Gradual change of gradient from zero at the tangent point to the specified amount at the junction of the transition curve with main curve
(D) None of these
Answer: Option B
48. If α and β be the elevations of two objects A and B respectively, θ be the angle observed by a sextant. The correct horizontal angle is
(A) cos ϕ = (cos θ – sin α sin β)/ cos α. cos β
(B) cos ϕ = (sin θ – sin α sin β)/ cos α. cos β
(C) cos ϕ = (cos θ – sin α sin β)/ sin α. sin β
(D) None of these
Answer: Option A
49. Tilt of the staff in stadia tacheometry increases the intercept if it is
(A) Away from the telescope pointing down hill
(B) Towards the telescope pointing up-hill
(C) Away from the telescope pointing up-hill
(D) None of these
Answer: Option C 50.
Three point problem can be solved by
(A) Tracing paper method
(B) Bessel’s method
(C) Lehman’s method
(D) All of the above
Answer: Option D